Acid Rain. Climate Change. Climate Feedback. Ocean Acidification. Rising Sea Level. Botts, D. Carson, and D. Calgary:Canadian Center for Energy Development, , pp.
Van Gerpen, Substances with high boiling points condense at the bottom and substances with lower boiling points condense on the way to the top.
The crude oil is evaporated and its vapours condense at different temperatures in the fractionating column. Each fraction contains hydrocarbon molecules with a similar number of carbon atoms, smaller molecules nearer the top and longer molecules nearer the base of the column. The diagram below summarises the main fractions from crude oil and their uses and the trends in properties.
Note that the gases leave at the top of the column, the liquids condense in the middle and the solids stay at the bottom. Main organic molecules in living things include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Nucleic acids like DNA contain genetic information of organisms. Carbon compounds like proteins make structural components of our bodies, and they make up enzymes which catalyze all the metabolic functions. Organic molecules provide us energy to carry out day to day functions.
Not only, we are made up of organic molecules, but there are many types of organic molecules around us, which we use every day for different purposes. The clothes we wear are composed of either natural or synthetic organic molecules.
Many of the materials in our houses are also organic. Gasoline, which gives energy to automobiles and other machines, is organic. Most of the medicine we take, pesticides, and insecticides are composed of organic molecules. Thus, organic molecules are associated with nearly every aspect of our lives. Hydrocarbons are organic molecules, which consist of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. The total oxidation of hydrocarbons results in only carbon dioxide and water. Hydrocarbons are hydrophobic, and as the molecule gets larger, hydrophobicity also increases.
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